Gothic Novels Essay -- Literary Analysis, The Castle of Otranto

Gothic is depicted as something that is damaging and boorish which draws in and disturbs what is viewed as cultivated. In this manner to a limited degree Jackson is correct. anyway the â€Å"very demonstration of talking about these socially unspeakable is an equivocal motion (Punter p.417).† This is the place the component of odd notion and the paranormal come in. In Horace Walpole’s The Castle Otranto and Matthew Lewis’ The Monk this component of paranormal and strange notion gives way or typifies the logical inconsistency of society which Jackson discusses, or if nothing else some of them. Its is critical to perceive be that as it may, that however the message or the plot of these accounts are now and again snide or even unreasonable they do figure out how to cross examine society and its social standards. Yet at the same time, while a few things are tended to others are rehashed and left unsolved and this is the thing that I will attempt to investigate. What does The Monk and The Castle of Otranto need to state about their general public just as how plot and character may affect on the message the peruser winds up getting. The Castle of Otranto uncovers numerous angle concerning society however in a manner the peruser isn't sure whether to pay attention to it; right off the bat, from Conrad being struck somewhere around a cap to Matilda being murdered. As Markman Ellis (p.32) contends, â€Å"the treatment of these components is to some degree unusual.† The entire plot of the story is work around a riddle, for instance the prescience that states, â€Å"the mansion and lordship of Otranto should go from the current family, at whatever point the genuine proprietor ought to be become too enormous to even consider inhabiting it (p.109)† The treatment of these powerful components however structure the base of the fundamental plot, occupies the perusers from the earnestness of the truth. Manfred driven by the... ...ntonia and promptly succumbs to her not understanding that what he feels is the obligation of kin perceiving one another. The two books appear to stand firm against bringing out ethics by quelling training. In The Monk both the congregation and Elvira make light of a job in their youngsters' fall. Antonio isn't allowed to peruse certain pieces of the Bible for dread that she will be curupted. The Castle of Otranto and The Monk is by all accounts about underhandedness and the issue of externalizing it. A case of this is the crowd's conduct in The Monk which gives a support to brutality and simultaneously underlines the straightforwardness with which retribution can be incontrollably over the top( James Watt, 1999, p.92). This is valid for both novel just as other (Frankenstein and Zofloya). In The Castle of Otranto Manfred executes Matilda, erroneously, by attempting to slaughter Isabella.

Business and Society - 1650 Words

Business and Society (Case Study Sample) Content: APPLICATION OF ETHICAL THEORY TO A CASE STUDY: CASE 4IntroductionEthical theory is that branch of philosophy dealing with formulation and evaluation of the theory or theories of moral rightness and goodness. It attempts to identify features of virtue which are morally right and morally good. Ethical theory has two components: Theory of the Good, concerned with moral evaluation of people and Theory of Obligation, concerned with the moral evaluation.For the situation in Case 4 of Sam Moyuka and the global car manufacturer, the analysis below will attempt to analyze the stakeholders, apply the Care of Ethics and Virtues theories then give a personal reflection before concluding.Stakeholders AnalysisStakeholder theory seeks to answer the question regarding the kind of management has to stakeholders. This propels managers to chart out how to conduct businesses with all stakeholders in mind. Management must create relationships, get shareholders inspired and create such an atmosphere where everybody desires to give their best. A stakeholder is any person with an interest in the operations of the organization and how it operates and performs. Many stakeholders hold some degree of power, influence and control which they can exert or use over the organization.Firms, organizations and even individuals should strive to come to decisions that satisfy all stakeholders, decisions that lead to situations where all involved parties in the joint relationship gain. Under the stakeholder theory and analysis, firms or organizations have to examine effect of their decisions on all stakeholders. If the concerned entity is an organization, stockholders should be able to indirectly benefit from actions and not be harmed by decisions made under the stakeholder principle.The stakeholders in this case include:Employees: In our case these category of stakeholders would be represented by Sam Moyuka, Head of Quality.The customers: In our case, these are the current and pote ntial customers who will eventually purchase or buy the manufactured cars produced offered.Shareholders: They are part of those who have an interest because any outcome, positive or negative would affect profits eventually coming to them.Management: Kathy, Sam Moyukaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s line manager, who listens carefully, takes many notes and promises to escalate Samà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s concerns to senior levels of management. The ethics of care approach would probably categorize her as a feminist.Other stakeholders would include:Suppliers: As they provide the resources that will be needed during the cars production, they stand to lose if production is affectedProducers: They stand to lose market and revenues if the information is disclosed to the public who may not eventually buy the suspect cars.Trade unions: They do have a stake on the matter since whatever may befall the employee Sam for disclosing or following up on the information may have effects on trade union action.Global market: This ca tegory may be the disenfranchised stakeholders as they are denied the full information to enable them make informed choices.Government agencies: Being the ones charged with safety regulation, they too would be interested in the information gathered by Sam.Industry experts: Comments made on the car manufacturing firm can have far reaching implications more so if the information in the custody of Sam were to be trueThe TheoriesEthics of Care TheoryNoted proponents of this theory includeÂCarolÂGilligan,ÂMichael Slote and VirginiaÂamong others. The underlying principle is action that is caring towards the vulnerable and those who need support. An action is good or bad if cares for others and builds relationshipsIt hinges on the significance of each having a voice, listened to carefully and being heard respectfully. Ethics of care directs our focus to the need for being responsive in relationships and to implications of losing touch with the self and with others.Ethics of care brings out the point that morality is based on a psychological logic. It reflects the way in which we experience or perceive ourselves in our relationships with others. Origins of morality are based on human relationships. They give rise to concerns and cares about carelessness and injusticeThe origins and growth of ethics of care can be traced to the moral psychology studies of Carol Gilligan. Gilligan eventually concludes that morality is interpersonal and goodness can be equated with assisting and pleasing others.The question then becomes how we came not to care but how did we come to lose our capacity for being empathetic and mutually understanding.Virtue of Ethics TheorySome of the advocates of this theory included Aristotle and Confucius just to mention two.According to them, what makes something bad or good, wrong or right, is the fact that it promotes or embodies acknowledged cultural traits as bad or good. These traits will in turn lead to lesser or greater realizatio n of the potential for fully flourishing human lives.Boatright has pointed out that ethics and morality are interchangeable, though they do have some differences. Aristotle defined virtue as a character trait that brings itself in actions that are habitual. It is conforming to standards of right. They are inherited and are practiced on daily. For one to be ethical one has to have moral.Business virtues are having a sense of pride and self-respect in what you do; to make sure you can get along with others. Business Ethics can be defined as the unwritten and written codes of values and codes that determine actions and decisions within the given company.Virtue ethics lays a strong emphasis on developing moral character and human values. Virtue ethics will provide tools for leaders and managers to discern their attitudes towards others and the implications of their decision-making.It is an agent-based approach that focuses on the fundamental motivations and character and of the specific moral agent. It is not limited to a rule or guideline, but instead has the individual rationally seeking excellence as a goal in itself and lies between the extremities of cowardice and rashness. It seeks finding a balance in decision-making while applying wisdom, courage, temperance, integrity, consistency and fairness.Aristotle is an early developer of virtue ethics. Aristotle wrote that the virtue of man will be that state of character which makes that man good, which also makes him do his or her own work better. The aim is to perform the right action, with the right person, to the right extent, at the right time, and in the right way. Although this is the objective, Aristotle considers achieving this goodness as rare, laudable, and nobleAristotle believed that people are naturally geared to pursue the right thing or good, but these inclinations do not develop automatically. He strongly believed one is what one does; the virtuous individual does what is correct or right because he or she wants to become virtuous. You cannot be accidentally or coincidentally virtuous.Being virtuous is not simply just doing right or good occasionally; rather it is consistently choosing right acts with right motives. Virtue is a continual act and one becomes what he or she does. If you constantly lie, you become a liar and the continual act of lying develops that specific kind character trait in the self. If you cut corners or take shortcuts in business and practice some unethical tactics like withholding or suppressing information like in our global car manufacturer case, you are unethical.Personal ReflectionBy a delving into general character traits of a virtuous individual we shall be able to have an insight if the actions of all the stakeholders in the Manufacturing firm in Case 4 acted with virtue. Would the virtuous person in the above case have disclosed the information, withheld information or suppressed the information.Probably remembering the thirteen principles and values for living classified and discussed by Benjamin Franklin would shed some useful light in evaluating for our case.Personal traits: Temperance, Order, Resolution, Frugality, Moderation, Industry, Cleanliness and Tranquility.Social traits: Silence, Sincerity, Justice, Chastity and Humility.It would be erroneous to assume that all people in leadership and top positions in society or organizations are virtuous and possess the above discussed virtues. Mechanisms have been suggested to enhance moral behavior and character amongst those involved, thereby avoid lapses in ethics as in the case under review involving the car manufacturing firm. Some include more stringent government regulations, enhanced processes and systems in our financial institutions, better corporate governance, and increasing customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s education.Good ethical behavior in every aspect of life is and should be part of the job for everyone.ConclusionVirtue ethics gives managers, business leaders and emplo yees with the opportunity and chance to ask themselves the kind of people they will bec...

The Movie Thor - 1706 Words

As the comic book and religious scene progressed, so did the cinematic universe. Heroes in comic books and religious text went from telling their journeys on sheets of paper to also having them on the big screen, where millions of people watch their favorite stories come to life. One of Marvel’s movies that is clearly similar to the Biblical story of Samson is their 2011 cinematic adaptation of the Asgardian, Thor. In the movie, Thor is seen as a strong warrior. However, viewers can tell the Asgardian is full of arrogance. Right when Thor is about to be crowned king of Asgard, his coronation is interrupted by Frost Giants, Asgard’s archenemies. Thor is cocky and decides to lead a battle against the Frost Giants in their domain in order to seek his own version of justice. According to Heather Havrilesky, â€Å"if you’re a big, flaxen-haired Adonis who loves to fight and is about to inherit the throne of the glorious kingdom of Asgard, arrogance is downright unacc eptable.† Thor, mistakenly, starts a war between the Frost Giants and the Asgardians. This shows that Thor is not the type of king that tries to avoid war to protect his people. Instead he is greedy and impulsive and decides to prove himself to be superior and not a good leader. Odin, Thor’s father and the current King of Asgard, notices Thor’s arrogance and this lack of leadership. As a result, Odin strips Thor of his godly powers by taking away his hammer, Mjolnir, the source of his powers, and exiles him to EarthShow MoreRelatedMovie Review Thor2768 Words   |  12 PagesMOVIE REVIEW THOR: THE DARK WORLD For SIR MUHAMAD FUAD ABDUL KARIM By NOR FAIEZAH BINTI AMIR HAMZAH 2012141929 NURUL FAZLINA BINTI OTHMAN 2012912953 Group: BA4A (AM228) Date of Submission: 15TH December 2014 TABLE OF CONTENT Table of Content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 Short Synopsis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 Four Issue or Problem Revealed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 3 - 4 How Issue Can Be Relate to Organizational Behavior†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 - 8 Suggestion to Rectify the Problems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreThor as Portrayed in the Kenneth Branagh Movie697 Words   |  3 PagesIn this paper, I will talk about Thor as portrayed in the movie directed by Kenneth Branagh as he may be depicted differently in other sources. Thor is the god of thunder and son of Odin, ruler of Asgard in Norse mythology. A powerful God that was next in line for the throne of Asgard. Thor had the power of thunder and was able to control its power with his hammer, which also allows him to fly. Comparing Thor to Jesus, both are powerful beings. Asgard and Heaven are very similar as it is whereRead MoreHow Transmedia Has Worked And Is So Successful1587 Words   |  7 PagesTransmedia has been a huge part of how Marvel Studios have worked and is so successful(Menard, 2014). Every single movie feels unique, but also it feels like it is part of a bigger universe(Weekend Warrior, 20 16). Transmedia have been making the Marvel Studios bigger and more interconnected for almost 10 years(ComicBookCast, 2016). Transmedia has made Marvel Studios able to build the larger world that they have established(ComicBookCast,2016). Transmedia has made watching all Marvel Studios moviesRead MoreThe Film Thor ( 2011 ) Directed By Kenneth Branagh1573 Words   |  7 PagesSierra Burow 4/16/15 SCAN 3202 The film Thor (2011) directed by Kenneth Branagh is a piece of contemporary expressive culture that draws from many various components of Norse mythology. Of the mythological characters being used, the most prominent in the film are Thor, Odin, Frigg, Sif, and Heimdall. The contemporary depictions of these characters parallel and diverge their depictions in original old Norse mythology sources in numerous ways. These original sources include but are not limited toRead MorePoster For Thor Is Extremely Detailed And Eye Catching1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe movie poster for Thor is extraordinarily detailed and eye-catching. This poster uses a different combination of colors. 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They sometime have forgotten that the movie Thor is an artistRead MoreThor : The Dark World1422 Words   |  6 PagesIt may not have been the finest work of film to come from Marvel, but Thor: The Dark World still offers the comedy and intense action that fans long for. The film wasn’t as enjoyable as I had hoped it would be. The plot was hard to follow because of the fact that I havenâ€⠄¢t watched the first movie. I didn’t understand any of the references made in the movie and was difficult to get hooked on to it. Flashbacks could have been used to help the audience gain a better understanding of the storyline. InRead MoreSimilarities Between Asgardian And Nine Realms1403 Words   |  6 Pagesfocusing on the Nine Realms of the Asgardians and Norse Mythology characters and will be exploring the simliarities and differences the worlds share between the MCU and the real Norse Mythology. In the MCU we first learn about the Asgardians in the movie Thor where we learn that the Nine Realms are all different plants and worlds cosmically connected to the Tree of Yggdrasil which is still extremely similar to real Norse Mythology. Asgard is the head of the Nine Realms and its inhabitants called theRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Theft Of Thors Hammer1034 Words   |  5 PagesIn the myth â€Å"The Theft of Thor’s Hammer†, it is more of a straightforward story rather than one with multiple problems and solutions. Thor lost his hammer, Loki finds it with the frost giant Thrym, then they make a deal and he gets it back (with some little things scattered about in the middle). This myth shows feminist, anthropological, and psychological approaches through different parts of the myth, short as it is. In society, myths are used to tell stories. Stories that either are used just forRead MoreThor and the Odyssey Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pages In the movie Thor the title character is cast out of Asgaurd by his father and returns by proving himself worthy of his power and his father’s thrown. Similarly, the Odyssey is about Odysseus’ long journey back to his kingdom after the Trojan War. Thor and the Odyssey are very alike; but great hardship and historical literature reveals a contrast. Both narratives compare as timeless tales of reputable heroes. They both include similar plots of long journeys back home. The main characters’

Childhood Obesity A Growing Endemic - 939 Words

Childhood and adolescent obesity is a growing endemic in the United States. It affects more than thirty percent of children, making it the most common chronic disease of childhood. According to the research article Prevalence of Childhood and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity from 2003 to 2010 in an Integrated Health Care Delivery System by Lynn Acknerson â€Å"this number has more than tripled since 1980.† It has now become a major health issue. Today, more and more children are being diagnosed with morbid health conditions associated with obesity. According to the research article Childhood Obesity: A Global Public Health Crisis by Amar Kanekar and Sameera Karnik, a child is defined as â€Å"affected by obesity† if their body mass index-for-age (or BMI-for-age) percentile is greater than 95 percent. A child is defined as â€Å"overweight† if their BMI-for-age percentile is greater than 85 percent and less than 95 percent. One out of every five children in the United States is overweight or obese and this number continues to rise. Children typically tend to have fewer weight-related health and medical problems than adults. However, this is not true for overweight and obese children, who are at a greater risk for a number of conditions, including high cholesterol, high blood pressure, early heart disease, diabetes, and bone problems, skin conditions such as heat rash, fungal infections, acne, sleep apnea, and cancer. They are also more prone to develop anxiety, depression, and suffer fromShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Against Obesity Is A Health Issue Of Great Importance1237 Words   |  5 Pagesalike, the battle against obesity is a health issue of great importance. Obesity is shown to be directly responsible for many of the negative health issues we see today. It contributes to higher risk of having chronic disease and poor health (which will be explained). Obesity is a nationwide epidemic stretching across the whole human development spectrum: from childhood obesity, adolescent obesity and adult obesity. The prevalence of children being overweight is growing and moving rapidly fast.Read MoreObesity And The World Health Organization1701 Words   |  7 Pagesliving continue to boost, weight increase and obesity are posing a rising threat to certain well-beings in countries all over the world. Obesity, now confirmed as a nationwide endemic by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is likely to get worse and amplify over time. â€Å"The World Health Organization (WHO) predict s there will be 2.3 billion overweight adults in the world by 2015 and more than 700 million of them will be obese† (Obesity: in Statistics, 2008, 2nd Statement). It is definiteRead MoreEssay Childhood Obesity: Is Technology To Blame?2340 Words   |  10 PagesAmerica is facing a rigorous obesity plague that is endangering the health of millions. Moreover, we are passing our bad practices down to our children. Obesity is a stipulation in which anomalous or excessive fat buildup in adipose tissue that damages health. Obesity is defined in adults as a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 30 (kg/m). Obesity is one of the most discernible, but until recently, most deserted public health problems. The present high pervasiveness of obesity and the brisk increase inRead MoreThe Issue Of Childhood Obesity Essay3223 Words   |  13 PagesObesity is a health issue that we are going to discuss in this case. The target population is children are most prone to diabetes. The Center for Disease Control asserts that roughly 17% (or 12.5 million) of children and juveniles aged 2—19 years suffer from obesity. Since 1980, obesity frequency amid boys and teenagers has virtually tripled (CDC, 2012). 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They need proteins, iron, and other micronutrients to support the adolescent growth spurt and meet the body’s increased demand for iron during mensstruate. Adolescents who become pregnant are at greater risk of various complications since they may not yet have finished growing. Pregnant adolescents who are underweight or stunted are especially likely to experienceRead MoreMalnutrition in India5758 Words   |  24 Pagesthe world of the number of children suffering from malnutrition after Bangladesh (1998), where 47% of the Children exhibit a degree of malnutrition. India is one of the fastest growing country in terms of population and economic growth rate , sitting at a population of near about 1200 million (December 2010) and economy growing by 9% GDP growth rate from 2007-2008. Since independence Indian economy considered as low income count ry with majority of population at or below the poverty line which is leadRead MoreUndernutrition10134 Words   |  41 Pagesdevelopment, especially during the first two years of a child’s life, is largely irreversible. A child’s poorer school performance results in future income reductions of up to 22 per cent on average. As adults, they are also at increased risk of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN)     period from birth to two years of age is the â€Å"critical window† for the promotion of good growth, health, and behavioral and cognitive developmentmothers are empowered to initiateRead MoreVitamins and Minerals in Modern Society7964 Words   |  32 Pagesbody functions or, is it necessary to supplement with vitamins and minerals? We are all familiar with the saying, You are what you eat, and more than ever, people are focusing on nutrition to help them live healthier, longer and happier lives. Growing evidence suggests that many people suffer from diseases that can be controlled or prevented through diet and lifestyle, and the last fifteen years has seen an explosion of research into the links between nutrition and health. Along with the interestRead MorePublic Health Paper12265 Words   |  50 Pagesby reformers such as John Howard. Public health, at this time under the auspice of the social medicine movement, adopted enlightenment principles and a trend for paternalism (Turner 1990). Iron and steel, ship building, cotton and coal were all growing industries and many industrial philanthropists at this time were expressing concern about the health and welfare of their workers, going as far as building housing and hospitals, schools and villages for them to live and work in. It could be argued

Geographical Information Essay Example For Students

Geographical Information Essay GIS By:fazilGeographical Information System GIS What is GIS? GIS isan emerging method of data storage and interpretation. GIS is,simply put a database. It is many tables of data organized byone common denominator, location. The data in a GIS systemis organized spatially, or by its physical location on the basemap. The information that is stored in the database is thelocation and attributes that exist in that base map, such asstreets, highways, water lines, sewers, manholes, properties, andbuildings, etc. each of these items don?t just exist in thedatabase, the attributes associated with the item is also stored. A good example of this would be a specific sewer line, fromand arbitrary point A to a point B. Ideally, the sewer linewould be represented graphically, with a line connecting thetwo points or something of the like. When one retrieves theinformation for that line in particular, the attribute datawould be shown. This data would include the size of pipe, thepipe material, the upper invert elevation, the downstreaminvert elevation, the date installed, and any problem historyassociated with that line. This is the very gist of what a GISsystem is. How is a GIS system created? Building a GIS systemfrom the ground up is a very time consuming and extremelyexpensive venture. This is why only large metropolitan areashave developed or are developing GIS systems. STEP1 Determining and acquiring a base map Since a GIS system isbasically a digital map, the extents of the map have to bedetermined. Once the area of interest is decided, the base maphas to be built. This is done using aerial photograph y (digitalorthography). This type of photography is very high definition,and of consistent scale (all photographs are taken from almostexactly the same altitude). The photography that is done isdifficult. Times when photographs are able to be taken are few. For instance, time is limited to the winter months due to lessfoliage, and from 10:00am to 2:00pm to reduce the shadows. STEP 2 Digital Overlay Once the base maps have beenacquired, the time consuming work begins. Each digital mapsection has to be gone over by a person on a computer. Thatperson outlines each object to be included in the gis system. These objects are the same as the ones stated previously (likesewer lines, water lines, etc.), although they are not limited tothose. Along with all of the physical information that isentered into the database, there is a lot of other physicalinformation to be added that is not reflected on the aerials,such as property lines, tax and voting districts, as well as zoningdistricts. STEP 3 Data entry Following the design andcreation of the basic data skeleton, the actual data need beentered. This includes all of the attribute data for all hydrants,sewer lines, water lines, properties, buildings, streets, highways,creeks, etc. this portion of the process is the most timeconsuming. The bulk of the data to be entered is on paper, andthere is no easy way to convert it to digital other than manualdata entry. One issue in this step that is worth noting is theimportance of the quality control. As the data is entered,errors become inherent. In order to keep these at a minimum,an effective quali ty control system needs to be in place tomaintain data integrity. STEP 4 Application DevelopmentOnce all the information is entered (which never happenssince the aerial photographs become outdated in about onemonth), the core data is placed on a file server for the differentagencies to access. At this stage each agency usually directssome resources into application development. Since thestructure and organization is very generic, so all agencies canuse it, each entity develops applications for the data that isbetter suited for their purposes. For example, the metropolitansewer district would focus on the ability to query and store datarelating to the sewer system, since it is their main focus. Thecounty auditor would begin to restructure its file system andinformation management system to incorporate GIS into theirorganization, as well as developing tools within the GIS systemto streamline the commands to suit them. STEP 5 Continuous Improvements; Updates Since GIS is a databasetha t is based upon land use, it is easy to realize how much inthe way of resources must be expended just to keep the datacurrent. Consider new construction. Every house and buildingthat has been

Reflection On Marxist Ideology Essays - Economic Ideologies

Reflection On Marxist Ideology Communism ?Capital is not personal, but social power and product.? (Carl Marx) Carl Marx, perhaps one of the most influential philosophers in history, is widely remembered for the revolutionizing ideologies he presented in the Communist Manifesto. Marx was certainly a man of great intelligence and vision. His many visions about capitalistic development are constantly reflected in today's society. Job alienation is certainly rampant. Most individuals have a ?TGIF; Monday sucks? mentality. To most people work rather than happiness is the meaning of life; nothing is ever enough?everyone wants more, More, MORE. The bourgeois are running things, as a large portion of the world's resources and wealth is in the hands of a select few. The immediate question that then comes to mind is whether this is advantageous to society. To correctly answer this deep question, one must look at the pros and cons of the socialist ideology. In theory, socialism has several observable benefits. For one, the equality of humankind presents itself as an important theme. The capitalistic bourgeois/proletariat relationship that exists is destroyed. Consequently, the exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeois is non-existent. Work now takes on a different meaning?instead of being the result of greed and necessity, work becomes a means of helping and interacting with society. In the truest form of communism, acquiring wealth is an unnecessary evil?instead society provides the individual with an adequate standard of living and vice versa. Ultimately, an ideal communist state is practically a Utopia. Marx clearly predicted that a state of Utopia would form with a transition from communism. (Marx detailed steps to reaching Utopia include: primitive socialism feudalism capitalismsocialism communism Utopia.) While communism has its benefits, the reality of reaching these benefits is literally non-existent. Even Marx predicted that this would be the case!?he said that in the presence of capitalism, communism will lose. This is a very interesting statement, and clearly implies that the socialistic ideology is not perfect. Communism is a Utopia, and therefore it arguably cannot exist. Communism calls for the cooperation of too many individuals. Everyone would have to be a productive member of society. Politicians and government officials would have to govern flawlessly. Any form of corruption could not be tolerated, as it could bring about total anarchy and downfall. In addition to these troublesome ?technicalities,? the idea of public goods does not always result in the desired outcome. For example, imagine the creation of a public lawnmower. As opposed to a private owner who would try to preserve the longevity of the lawnmower, the public would have no real incentive to take care of the l awnmower. Certainly, private ownership provides to the preservation of goods and resources. Also, take into consideration the status of the US public school system as compared to the US private school system. Private schools have done remarkably better at producing better results and using less money when compared to US public schools. To an extent this can also be said for private health care?in comparing England's and Canada's health care systems to that of the US. Lastly, the communist ideology destroys competition. With no competition people do not have an incentive to advance. Inferior products that lack quality and improvement are made. Inferior services that lack needed advancement?such as health care?are provided. This is not to say that this is the case with all services and products. However, without competition there is no real desire to change the norm, regardless of how good or bad it is. This would be especially damaging to advances in medicine, science, and research. 0. Bibliography none Philosophy

The Festival of Ramadan Essay Example

The Festival of Ramadan Essay Example The Festival of Ramadan Essay The Festival of Ramadan Essay a) Describe what happens at the fast of Ramadan For Muslims, Ramadan is a very special time of the year. Not only is it special, the ninth month is also drastically different to any other part of the Muslim calendar. The most obvious aspect of Ramadan, when viewed from outside, is the fasting undertaken by most Muslims. They are required to refrain from eating, drinking, sexual intercourse and smoking from just before dawn to after sunset every day. However, not all Muslims will abstain from eating and drinking during the daylight hours throughout the month of Ramadan, those who are young, (often below the age of 15,) old, ill or travelling are exempt. Extreme examples of fasting, rarely seen in non-Muslim countries even forbid the swallowing of saliva or phlegm. In strict Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia, it is not uncommon to see Muslims carrying buckets with them in which to spit, preventing them from having to swallow their saliva, which would, in their eyes, invalidate their fast. Muslims will often eat one meal before dawn, suhoor. This is often eaten very early, and some Muslims return to bed afterwards. The fast is ended with a small meal called iftar, which is taken as soon as possible after the sun has set. Iftar often comprises of dates and a glass of water, following the example of Muhammad (pbuh). However, physical restraint is far from the only aspect of Ramadan. It also involves many spiritual restraints; Muslims must strive to avoid cheating and lying, whilst also making extra efforts to be charitable and to appreciate what they have. Despite these restrictions Ramadan is not only a time of restraint, as fasting, self-control and moderation alone cannot make someone a good person or a good Muslim. Extra actions must also be undertaken. These can involve good deeds or charitable work, whether this be directly or through fundraising. During Ramadan, Muslims may attend extra prayers, (Tarawih), each night at the Mosque. Every evening, one-thirtieth of the Quran is recited, so that, come the conclusion of the month, the whole Quran has been read. Muslims will strive to read the whole Quran at least once throughout Ramadan. Laylat-ul-Qadr, or the night of power, is when Muhammad first received the Quran. It usually occurs within the last ten days of Ramadan, and Muslims may celebrate it by spending the entire night in the Mosque, often reading the whole of the Quran. Throughout Ramadan, Muslims will often greet others with, Ramadan Kareem or Ramadan Mubarak, which means a happy, successful and blessed month. In Muslim countries, Ramadan can change public life dramatically. Life during daylight hours will generally slow down, with many people resting and concentrating on the fast during the day and working during the evening. The end of Ramadan is marked by the feast, Id-ul-Fitr. This day commonly revolves around family. Zakat is often given on this day, and Muslims may also give extra alms to help those who are worse off, enjoy a better Id. On the morning of Id-ul-Fitr Muslims may attend special Id prayers at the Mosque. The day and evening are spent socialising, feasting and giving presents. As Id-ul-Fitr is such a special day of the Muslim calendar, new clothes are often bought for the occasion. At Id, many Muslims will give money known as Zakat-ul-Fitr. This is not compulsory, as Zakat is, but many people feel more obliged to give after experiencing the hunger of those in need throughout the month of Ramadan. The amount given will often represent the cost of a meal for each member of the donors family. b) Explain the importance of Ramadan to Muslims and ways in which it may affect their lives Ramadan is hugely important in the lives of Muslims. It is the fourth pillar of Islam and is compulsory for all Muslims who are able to complete it. The fact that it is a pillar of Islam also makes following it an act of Ibidah It is also important as Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was first revealed to Muhammad by God in 570 CE. This makes it a very holy month as the Quran and its revelation to the prophet are the basis of the Islamic faith. Massoud Shadjareh, chairman of the London-based Islamic Human Rights Commission, stated that The best thing for a Muslim is to continue his or her life as normal. This is the real test. This implies that a Muslim should strive to allow fasting to have as little an effect on their life as possible. However, there are some inevitable effects from fasting. It will have both positive and negative effects. Firstly it will help them learn self-discipline, which is a hugely important characteristic for a Muslim to have. Self-discipline helps Muslims abide by Allahs will, as many aspects of their lives depend on it, such as keeping prayer times and not giving in to temptations which surround us. This is especially important for Muslims in non-Islamic countries, who often also have to resist peer pressure as well as the temptation itself. Ramadan also helps Muslims have a greater appreciation of Allahs gifts to them and they will be better able to understand the plight of those less fortunate than themselves, who do not fast out of choice, but out of necessity. One of Ramadans other main benefits is that it strengthens the Ummah through unity, those in more economically developed countries can have more empathy for those in less economically developed countries; being able to identify with their difficulty concentrating on being a good Muslim, obeying Allah and focusing on Allah during prayers whilst also being consumed by hunger. Ramadan also helps Muslims purify their minds and bodies, which are a gift from Allah and therefore need to be treated with the utmost respect. However, it will have negative effects, one of these a problems undertaking physical activities. This can affect both a Muslims career and their leisure time, especially in non-Muslim countries. Manual workers will have less energy, and will find their workload more difficult. They may also suffer from dehydration, headaches, weakness and nausea. However, it is not only manual workers who will suffer these conditions. To a lesser extent, Muslims in other careers will also suffer, especially in a hot environment or climate. The importance of Ramadan goes further than this however, it was commanded by Allah and is one of the compulsory five pillars of Islam. Many Muslims may argue that as it is a struggle which enables them to become a better person, this means Ramadan is often seen as a Jihad. Ramadan may only last a month, but its impact should continue throughout the year. It is an annual lesson in becoming a better person and a better Muslim. If its effect does not last into Shawwal then it has been unsuccessful. This is another reason why Ramadan is so important for Muslims; it has such a huge impact on their whole lives, during the month and beyond it. c) For Muslims, fasting has both advantages and disadvantages, How far do you agree? Give reasons to support your answer, and show that you have thought about different points of view. You must refer to Islam in your answer. I agree with this statement as Ramadan has advantages such as teaching self-discipline, but also has obvious disadvantages such as illness caused by dehydration or hunger. However, some Muslims may disagree, saying that fasting only advantages. They would argue that illness is not a disadvantage, just a trial that must be overcome in order to become a better person. It is not a problem with Ramadan, but an essential part of it, without which Ramadan would be pointless. Some people may say that there are only disadvantages of Ramadan, especially in non-Muslim countries where public life continues as normal. Muslims in careers requiring concentration, quick thinking or strength and stamina may be hindered by dehydration or hunger. Medical careers for example may have life-endangering consequences from bad decisions. Some may argue then that fasting is the wrong thing to do as it is selfish, failing to take into account the welfare of those under a Muslims care who may be put in danger by a famished carer. Some other may agree with this statement, saying that although fasting may teach a Muslim a degree of self-control, do we really need to deny ourselves things in order to become a better person? Surely we are defined as a person by what we do, not by what we do not; the only way to become a better person, both in the eyes of people and of God is to help those in need, not put ourselves in their position. Others may also agree that Ramadan does not have any advantages as it does not put a Muslim into the position of a person living in poverty, as they are not suffering from long term effects of malnutrition and most are guaranteed iftar and a large meal once the sun has set, something alien to those in extreme poverty. To conclude, I feel that most Muslims would disagree with this statement, as they feel that any act of Ibidah can have only advantages. However, many people may also disagree, saying that there are advantages as it develops a persons character, but it also has physical disadvantages.